First, the preparation of the assembly before the computer
After the purchase of various components of the computer, the computer should be assembled before the necessary preparations.
1, tool preparation
No handy tools installed will become complicated, then, what tools is installed before the need to be prepared to do? As shown in Figure 2 - 5 shows, pliers, thermal paste, cross solution flat knife, mouth solution knife is an essential tool, in addition to preparing whole mount screws and the clamping screws with tweezers etc..
2, computer assembly parts ready
Ready installed the fittings: CPU, motherboard, memory, graphics card, hard disk, floppy, CD-ROM, power supply chassis, keyboard, mouse, display, all data lines and power lines, and such as Figure 2. 6 shows. Should also be ready power line socket type (to prepare million with multi hole type socket a, in order to facilitate the testing machine) and vessels in the process of installation and disassembly of the computer have many screw nail and some small parts need to be readily accessible, so it should be ready for a little vessel, used for holding the move west, to prevent the loss) and table (in order to facilitate the installation, should have a moderate height of working table, both dedicated computer desk or table, as long as they can meet the use requirements can).

Two, the assembly of the computer process matters needing attention
Do a good job of machine tools and accessories for the preparation, you can carry out the assembly of the microcomputer. Firstly, the hardware of the computer should be assembled. The matters needing attention in the computer hardware assembly process are as follows.
1 prevent static electricity
As the clothes we wear will rub against each other, it is very easy to generate static electricity, which is likely to cause damage to the equipment, which is very dangerous. Therefore, it is best to touch the ground with a hand before the installation of the conductor or hand washing to release the body to carry the static charge.
2 prevent liquid from entering the microcomputer
In the installation of computer components, it is necessary to prohibit the liquid into the computer inside the board. Because these fluids may cause a short circuit and make the device damage, so be careful not to drink the beverage is put in the vicinity of the microcomputer, for people who love sweating, also want to avoid head of sweat dripping, we must be careful not to let hands sweat stained with wet card.
3 using normal installation method, can not be rough installation
In the installation process must pay attention to the correct installation method, do not understand the place to carefully check the instructions, do not force the installation, a little force is not possible to break the pin or deformation. After installation, the position is not in place of the equipment do not force the use of screw fixation, because it is easy to deformation of the board, the day after the occurrence of broken or poor contact.
4 parts placed in an orderly manner
Take all the parts out of the box (but don't take it out of the anti static bag), arrange the installation sequence, check the specifications, there is no special installation requirements. The better you do the job, the easier it will be for you to do the job.
5 to the main board as the center
The board as the center, put all the things in order. Before the motherboard installed into the chassis, the first installed on the processor and memory, or the next will be very difficult to install, get bad will damage the motherboard. In addition to determine the installation of each plug-in is not solid, because many times, when the screws, the card will follow up, causing the operation is not normal, or even damage.
6 before the test, only the necessary components
Before the test, it is recommended to only necessary, motherboard, processor and heatsink and fan, hard drive, a CD-ROM drive, and graphics components. Other things such as DVT), sound cards, network cards, etc., can be no problem in determining the time to install. In addition, for the first time after installation to close the case, but do not lock screw, because if where not installed will switch cabinet.

Three, microcomputer hardware assembly steps

The hardware assembly of the microcomputer mainly has the following steps.
(1) set the jumper on the motherboard (if necessary).
(2) installing CPU and cPu fans.
(3) install memory bar.
(4) the connection between the main board and the chassis panel.
(5) the main board is fixed in the chassis.
(6) install the chassis power supply and connect the power cord with the main board.
(7) install CD-ROM, hard disk, floppy drive and connect power line and data line.
(8) the installation of various types of boards.
(9) to connect the display, keyboard, mouse, printer and other peripherals.
(10) electrical test.
Four, the installation of CPU
1.CPU installation process
Installed in the chassis will be installed before the best first CPU and memory installed, so as to avoid the motherboard installed after the cabinet of the narrow space of the impact of cPu and other smooth installation. The installation process of cPu is shown in Figure 7 - 2.
(1) pull out slightly outwards. CPu socket on the lock rod and socket into 90. Angle so that cPu can be inserted into the processor socket.
(2) then align the gap on the socket with the pin on the CPU.
(3) cPu can only be inserted into the socket in the correct direction, and then press the lock lever. Installed after the CPU_, as shown in figure 2_8.
(4) evenly coated on the surface of the CPU with enough heat dissipation paste, which helps to transfer heat from the processor to the heat sink. But be careful not to apply too much, as long as evenly coated with a thin layer of.

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2.CPU fan installation
CPu installation is generally very simple, but the installation of cPu fan is more complex, and its steps such as F.
(1) find the position of the cPu and its support mechanism on the main board, and then install the cPu.
(2) the radiating fins are properly positioned on the supporting mechanism.
(3) the radiating fan is installed at the top of the heat sink and the fan is always pressed down until the four clips of the radiating fin are clamped into the corresponding holes of the supporting mechanism.
(4) the two pressure pressure bar to Gu Ding fan, need to pay attention to is each pressure bar only along the a direction pressure, such as shown in Figure 2 - 9.
(5) the power line of the cPu fan is connected to the cPu fan power connector on the 3 pin on the Feng board, as shown in the net 2 - 10.
Five, the installation of memory
The process of installing the memory bar is as follows.
(1) install memory before the white clip ends to both sides of the memory slot, to open it. Then insert the memory, the memory of the 1 grooves must be aligned with a straight line to the memory slot of the 1 convex points (partition), as shown in Figure 11 - 2.
(2) the memory of the vertical storage slot, hands at both ends of the memory of a uniform force, so that the white clips on both sides can be firmly stuck in memory, that is, complete the installation of memory. Installed memory as shown in Figure 12 2.
Six, the installation of the main board
After the motherboard is equipped with a good cPu and memory, the motherboard can be loaded into the chassis. Before installing the main board to know the chassis, the chassis of the entire rack by the metal, as shown in Figure 13 - 2. The 5 inch fixed frame can be installed several devices, such as CD-ROM, recorder and so on; 3 inch fixed frame, for fixing the floppy drive, 3 inch hard disk; power fixing bracket to a fixed power source. And chassis at the lower part of the block of the iron used to hold the motherboard, said here on the floor, many of the above fixed hole is used on the pillar or plastic nail for fixing main board, now the chassis at the factory generally has fixed column is installed. And the notch of the back of the chassis is used to fix board and print port and mouse ports in enclosure surrounded by four plastic floor mats. Different chassis fixed motherboard method is not the same, as we are installing this, it all uses screw fixation, the degree of stability is very high, but the location of each screw must be accurate. The motherboard generally have five to seven fixed hole, it is necessary to choose suitable hole and the motherboard matching. After selecting, the fixed screw is screwed to the floor. Fixing hole and the board carefully on top, pay attention to the motherboard keyboard and mouse port, serial port and the chassis back baffle plate is aligned with a hole, so that all screws are aligned at the motherboard, followed by the installation of each screw. In short, the requirements of the motherboard and the motherboard parallel, never touch, otherwise easily lead to short circuit.
(1) the screw column and fixed plastic chassis motherboard or attached to the motherboard with the nail is screwed into the corresponding position of the motherboard and chassis.
(2) pry off the I / 0 interface of the enclosure. According to the main board interface, the cabinet will be removed after the corresponding position of the baffle. The baffle plate and the chassis is directly connected together, need to use a screwdriver to open the top, and then use needle nose pliers will take it. The position of the baffle card can be determined according to need, and not all of the baffle is to take off.
(3) the main board at the I / 0 interface into the chassis, as shown in Figure 14 - 2.
(4) the board fixing holes screw column and plastic nails, then screw the motherboard is fixed.
(5) insert the power plug into the corresponding socket on the motherboard. This is commonly available on the ATx motherboard ATx power supply interface, just plug the power on the same appearance of the plug into the interface can be completed on the ATx power supply.

2.CPU fan installation
CPu installation is generally very simple, but the installation of cPu fan is more complex, and its steps such as F.
(1) find the position of the cPu and its support mechanism on the main board, and then install the cPu.
(2) the radiating fins are properly positioned on the supporting mechanism.
(3) the radiating fan is installed at the top of the heat sink and the fan is always pressed down until the four clips of the radiating fin are clamped into the corresponding holes of the supporting mechanism.
(4) the two pressure pressure bar to Gu Ding fan, need to pay attention to is each pressure bar only along the a direction pressure, such as shown in Figure 2 - 9.
(5) the power line of the cPu fan is connected to the cPu fan power connector on the 3 pin on the Feng board, as shown in the net 2 - 10.
Five, the installation of memory
The process of installing the memory bar is as follows.
(1) install memory before the white clip ends to both sides of the memory slot, to open it. Then insert the memory, the memory of the 1 grooves must be aligned with a straight line to the memory slot of the 1 convex points (partition), as shown in Figure 11 - 2.
(2) the memory of the vertical storage slot, hands at both ends of the memory of a uniform force, so that the white clips on both sides can be firmly stuck in memory, that is, complete the installation of memory. Installed memory as shown in Figure 12 2.
Six, the installation of the main board
After the motherboard is equipped with a good cPu and memory, the motherboard can be loaded into the chassis. Before installing the main board to know the chassis, the chassis of the entire rack by the metal, as shown in Figure 13 - 2. The 5 inch fixed frame can be installed several devices, such as CD-ROM, recorder and so on; 3 inch fixed frame, for fixing the floppy drive, 3 inch hard disk; power fixing bracket to a fixed power source. And chassis at the lower part of the block of the iron used to hold the motherboard, said here on the floor, many of the above fixed hole is used on the pillar or plastic nail for fixing main board, now the chassis at the factory generally has fixed column is installed. And the notch of the back of the chassis is used to fix board and print port and mouse ports in enclosure surrounded by four plastic floor mats. Different chassis fixed motherboard method is not the same, as we are installing this, it all uses screw fixation, the degree of stability is very high, but the location of each screw must be accurate. The motherboard generally have five to seven fixed hole, it is necessary to choose suitable hole and the motherboard matching. After selecting, the fixed screw is screwed to the floor. Fixing hole and the board carefully on top, pay attention to the motherboard keyboard and mouse port, serial port and the chassis back baffle plate is aligned with a hole, so that all screws are aligned at the motherboard, followed by the installation of each screw. In short, the requirements of the motherboard and the motherboard parallel, never touch, otherwise easily lead to short circuit.
(1) the screw column and fixed plastic chassis motherboard or attached to the motherboard with the nail is screwed into the corresponding position of the motherboard and chassis.
(2) pry off the I / 0 interface of the enclosure. According to the main board interface, the cabinet will be removed after the corresponding position of the baffle. The baffle plate and the chassis is directly connected together, need to use a screwdriver to open the top, and then use needle nose pliers will take it. The position of the baffle card can be determined according to need, and not all of the baffle is to take off.
(3) the main board at the I / 0 interface into the chassis, as shown in Figure 14 - 2.
(4) the board fixing holes screw column and plastic nails, then screw the motherboard is fixed.
(5) insert the power plug into the corresponding socket on the motherboard. This is commonly available on the ATx motherboard ATx power supply interface, just plug the power on the same appearance of the plug into the interface can be completed on the ATx power supply.

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Seven, the installation of power
In general, some chassis has been installed power. However, sometimes the chassis comes with a power supply can not meet the specific requirements, you need to replace the power supply. Power installation is very simple, first power put into the chassis power, bit, and will power screw fixed larvae L and chassis fixing hole is, first and then screw on a single screw (fixed and hold the power can be), then the other three single screw hole of positive position, then tighten the remaining screws, as shown in Figure 2 a 15.
Eight, the installation of hard disk
The process of installing the hard disk is as follows.
(1) to open the box, pulling chassis fixed 3.5 inch hard disk bracket wrench, 3.5 inch hard disk bracket, the hard disk into the bracket, tighten the hard disk fixing screws, then the hard disk bracket again into the chassis and the fixed wrench back in situ fixation of the hard disk bracket, as shown in figure 2-16. Will the SATA hard disk fixed to the chassis of the hard disk drive Cang Li, the screws do not wring it too tight or too loose, tight if the threads are easy to slide wire, loose, hard disk easily in the process of running damage. Fixed SATA hard drive and the traditional parallel hard drive is no different, pay attention to the one side of the connection port to the inside, and the other end to the chassis panel. General hard panel upward, and the circuit board can face down.
(2) data line for hard disk connection. SATA hard disk and the traditional parallel hard disk on the interface some differences, SATA hard drive with 7 pin thin cable. When installed, the data line and the power line end is connected with the hard disk,, the other end of the data line is received: seven board of SATA connectors can be, as shown in Figure 2 - 17 shows. Due to the wiring plug using one-way r blind plug design, so there will not be inserted in the wrong direction, and SATA uses point to point connection mode, each SATA interface can only be connected to a hard disk, this fierce would not have as a parallel disk that set the jumper, the system will automatically the SATA hard disk set disk.
Nine, install CD-ROM and floppy drive

(1) to remove the case in front of a 5 inch with fixed frame panel, then the drive person (note the drive slip direction, now the case most only need will drive flat push box on the line). But some chassis rail, rail installation should pay attention to the open hole position and screw key 'to tighten, when the spring sheet of slide card in the chassis, hear a "click" sound, the drive is installed, as Figure 2 - 18 shows.
?If at the time of the first screw on the same set die, which often leads to the other 3 screws do not screw in, and easy to slide wire. The correct way is to screw the 4 screws into the fixed position, adjust it, and then tighten the screws.
(3) install the connecting line in turn.
2 floppy disk installation
The floppy disk drive installed in the chassis 3.5 inch bracket. In installation should pay attention to the floppy drive eject button and chassis to corresponding, don't get me wrong direction, as shown in Figure 2 - 19 shows.
Ten, the installation of various types of boards

1 the installation of graphics cards
(1) in the motherboard E to find the corresponding slot graphics card, remove the chassis and the slot corresponding to the dust on the piece of the screw, remove the dust. Remove extension baffle and screw on the AGP slot from the rear of the case.
(2) align the graphics card in the AGP slot and insert the AGP slot. It is important to confirm that the metal of the gold finger on the card is in contact with the AGP slot.
(3) screw the screw on the screw to make the graphics card fixed in the case of E, as shown in Figure 20 - 2.

When connecting the display, the display of the D type 15 pin plug in accordance with the correct direction of the 15 holes on the rear side of the host computer D socket, and then hand will be on the same set screws on the plug. At last, insert the power cable into the three-phase socket, as shown in Figure 2.23.
2 keyboard, mouse and sound card connection
Connect the keyboard, behind the computer host found keyboards labeled PS / 2 interface annotation, pay attention to a black plastic strip above the keyboard interface, the host of the PS / 2 interface has a groove, connection to enable the two black plastic bar and groove corresponding to insert, otherwise not inserted into, also easy to cause keyboard is connected with the bending of a few stitches. With similar methods to connect the mouse and sound card and other peripherals, as shown in Figure 24 - 2.

Twelve, after the assembly of the computer test
After these two steps, a computer is assembled, this time can power test, turn on the monitor power off, press the power button on the chassis, if hear the ringing "beep" sound that successfully installed, then you can carry out CMOS settings the.
In order to carry out strict inspection of the various components of the microcomputer and analysis of computer performance and stability, can use some special software of microcomputer CPU, motherboard, memory, graphics card, hard disk, and power supply of these major components testing and inspection. The dedicated to the testing of the components of computer software, is for the various components of a computer test and a specially developed, they according to the operation characteristics of components of the data and for operation and harsh to enhance the data to accurately test the operation of parts

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